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Elimination rate constant

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Elimination rate constant is a value used in pharmacokinetics to calculate the rate at which drugs are removed from the system.[1]

It is often abbreviated "k" or "ke".

[edit] Sample values and equations

Variable Abbreviation(s) Example value Formula
Dose (loading dose, or steady state/maintenance) D (LD or MD) 1000 mg =Vd*C0
Volume of distribution Vd 25 L =D/C0
Concentration (initial or steady-state) C0 or Css 40.0 mg/L =D/Vd
Biological half-life T½ 14 hr =0.7/Ke
Elimination rate constant Ke 0.05/hr =0.7/(T½)
=Cl/Vd
Elimination rate,
or rate of infusion to balance elimination		 Kin 50 mg/hr =Css*Cl
Clearance Cl 1.25 L/hr =Vd*Ke
Bioavailability F 1 = \frac{[AUC]_{A}*dose_{B}}{[AUC]_{B}*dose_{A}}

Note that the "0.7" constant is a commonly used log approximation, but not the actual value. Another commonly used approximation is 0.693. -(ln(0.5)) = 0.69315.

[edit] References

  1. ^ Svensén CH, Brauer KP, Hahn RG, et al (September 2004). "Elimination rate constant describing clearance of infused fluid from plasma is independent of large infusion volumes of 0.9% saline in sheep". Anesthesiology 101 (3): 666–74. PMID 15329591, http://meta.wkhealth.com/pt/pt-core/template-journal/lwwgateway/media/landingpage.htm?issn=0003-3022&volume=101&issue=3&spage=666. 
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