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Portal:Free software

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THE FREE SOFTWARE PORTAL

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Free software is software which can be run, studied, examined, modified, and redistributed by everyone who has a copy. This type of software, which was given its current name in 1983, has also come to be known as "open-source software", "software libre" or "libre software", "FOSS", and "FLOSS". The term "Free" refers to it being unfettered, rather than being free-of-charge. In this sense, it is the user who is free.

The free software movement was launched in 1983 with the primary tactic to write free software replacements for the non-free software that society relied on. Examples of well-known free software packages include GNU, the Linux kernel, Mozilla Firefox, and OpenOffice.org and on network servers, FreeBSD and the Apache web server.

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Selected article

Sugar is the graphical user interface originally developed for the One Laptop per Child computer/education project and as of May 2008 being developed under the umbrella of Sugar Labs. Sugar is used on the OLPC XO-1 laptop computer and is also available as a session option on Ubuntu and Fedora. Unlike more traditional desktop environments, it does not use a "desktop" metaphor and only focuses on one task at a time.

Main contributors to the project include Christopher Blizzard and Marco Pesenti Gritti, Eben Eliason, Tomeu Vizoso, Simon Schampijer, Dan Williams, Walter Bender, Christian Schmidt, Lisa Strausfeld, and Takaaki Okada. The free software community has also contributed greatly to Sugar. Released under the GNU GPL, Sugar is free software.

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Terminology

Although there was free software before this date, the term "free software" was coined in 1983 by Richard Stallman, and was used by Stallman's Free Software Foundation and defined by their Free Software Definition. Similar definitions were later published, such as the Debian Free Software Guidelines. Additionally, informal definitions exist within the BSD-based operating system communities, the main divergence being that they disagree with the use of copyleft.

In 1998 Bruce Perens and Eric S. Raymond began a campaign to market free software under the replacement label "open-source software". To this end they founded the Open Source Initiative (OSI).

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Operating systems

Example BSD-based operating systems:

Example GNU/Linux distributions:

Bell Labs free software operating systems:

Notable others:

For a complete list of Wikipedia articles on free software operating systems, see Category:Free software operating systems.

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Topics

Impediments and challenges: Digital Rights Management • Tivoization • Software patents and free software • Trusted Computing • Proprietary software • SCO-Linux controversies • Binary blobs

Adoption issues: OpenDocument format • vendor lock-in • open standards • Linux adoption

About licences: free software licences • Copyleft • List of FSF approved software licences • List of OSI approved software licences • Comparison of free software licences

Common licences: GNU General Public License • GNU Lesser General Public License • Modified BSD License • Mozilla Public License • MIT license • Apache licence • Permissive free software licences

History of…: History of free software • History of the Linux kernel • History of Mozilla Application Suite • History of Mozilla Thunderbird • History of Mozilla Firefox

Community: Linux User Group • free software community • free software movement

Groupings of software: Free audio software • Graphics hardware and FOSS • LAMP stack • Embedded Linux • Free Java implementations • Free and Open Source games

Naming issues: GNU/Linux naming controversy • Alternative terms for free software • Naming conflict between Debian and Mozilla

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