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The Queen-in-Council (or, during the reign of a male monarch, King-in-Council) is the technical term of constitutional law that refers to the exercise of executive authority in each of the Commonwealth realms. It means, quite literally: the Queen advised by her privy or executive council. In practice, the Queen-in-Council acts upon the advice of the members of a specific committee of the privy or executive council – the cabinet – which is made up of ministers of the Crown, and which makes the Queen-in-Council's actions subject to judicial review.[1] These orders are known as an Order-in-Council, while some forms of legislative orders are also referred to with the same name.
In Commonwealth realms other than the United Kingdom, and some Crown Dependencies, the functions of the Queen-in-Council are delegated to the Governor, Governor-General, or Lieutenant-Governor, in which case the authority is called the Governor-in-Council.
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