A select or special committee of the United States Congress is a Congressional committee appointed to perform a special function that is beyond the authority or capacity of a standing committee. A select committee is usually created by a resolution that outlines its duties and powers. Its Members are appointed under the rules of their respective Houses.
A select committee expires on completion of its assigned duties unless it is a permanent select committee, such as the U.S. House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence.
Most special committees are investigative in nature rather than legislative.
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